Social-Ecological Model
The social-ecological model (SEM) framework (Figure 1) is widely used in public health to understand unsafe/unhealthy human behaviors and to change those behaviors by implementing targeted intervention programs for each level of SEM: individual, interpersonal, organizational/community, and policy.
To change unsafe moped/scooter riding behaviors, an SEM approach has been applied to develop tailored, multi-level intervention strategies, including policy-level initiatives. The research team used research findings from Phase I of the study, including the segmentation profiles and the results of data analysis.
![Diagram of concentric circles depicting a social ecological model](https://crp.trb.org/btscrpwebresource2/wp-content/uploads/sites/41/2024/05/MicrosoftTeams-image.png)
Source: Adapted from Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.