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Electrically Safe and Electrically Unsafe Work Conditions

Importance of “Electrically Safe Work Condition”

One of the most important decisions an airport manager can make regarding their electrical safety program is whether any electrical work will be allowed beyond an “Electrically Safe Work Condition.”

Electrically Safe Work Condition:

A state in which the conductor or circuit part to be worked on or near has been disconnected from the energized part, locked/tagged in accordance with established standards, tested to ensure the absence of voltage, and, if necessary, grounded. Achieving an electrically safe work condition is the underlying principle of all electrical work.*

*Duluth International Airport. Airfield Lighting Electrical Safety Program, July 24, 2007.

With an electrically safe work condition, the hazard level, training requirements, personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements, and documentation are minimized, and an electrical safety program will be simplified. If work needs to be done beyond an electrically safe work condition, the safety program will need to be intensified and more skilled employees will be necessary; far more risk will be taken on.

Working beyond an electrically safe work condition will require:
  • Establishing boundaries around live parts
  • Obtaining an energized electrical work permit
  • Hiring and training workers qualified for energized work (journeyman electricians)
  • Providing PPE and arc flash clothing
All live parts greater than 50 volts must be placed in an electrically safe work condition before work on or around them can be done. There are exceptions, however, if it can be demonstrated by electrical supervision or airport management that de-energizing the circuit:
  1. Introduces additional or increased hazards, or;
  2. Is infeasible due to equipment design or operational limitations.*

*Duluth International Airport. Airfield Lighting Electrical Safety Program, July 24, 2007.

This determination should be made by airport management or the electrical supervisor, however, this determination should be made with great caution. It is easy to say, “That circuit cannot be shut down.” Is this actually a true statement? Perhaps, “It is very inconvenient to shut it down,” is a more accurate statement. Is the desired job so critical that it needs to be done immediately when the lights are being used, or could it wait a little while—perhaps until daylight? If it is not possible to shut a circuit down, what is the plan for when it fails on its own? When possibilities and consequences are considered, one may find that there is a way to complete the job de-energized.

Some tasks, such as calibrating a regulator, are easiest done while the system is energized. In this case, it may be worthwhile to set up an energized work permit and give special training to workers, or it might be more practical and economical to hire an electrical contractor or factory technician to come in and do the work in one short session annually. Large airports often have enough work requiring licensed electricians on staff to justify employing them. Small airports may not have the justification, funding, or means to employ licensed electricians. However, if small airports without licensed electricians on staff face necessary energized work requirements, they must remain within their task limits of an electrically safe work condition and forgo those tasks. The good news is that a majority of airfield lighting tasks can be accomplished within an electrically safe work condition.

If an employee is injured or there is an accident at your airport, are you prepared?